Influence of Oil and Gas Industry on Valve Technology
Jan 31,2024
Although a hundred years of oil, gas development and transportation involved in the valve product range basically no change, but the valve manufacturers have been constantly updated valve technology, actively respond to changes in the oil and gas industry market. If you want to stay ahead in the market or not to be left behind, the valve manufacturer must constantly update the valve design, manufacturing, service, sales technology and process. The fact is that oil companies are increasingly demanding valve manufacturers: on the basis of providing reasonable prices, advanced valve manufacturers must be good at solving the problems faced by oil companies. In the case of worse working conditions and stricter environmental requirements, the performance of valve products can be extended to provide more service capabilities.
(1) Metal seal world market demand for oil and natural gas is growing rapidly, and the development of crude oil has also traveled every corner of the earth, and the extraction of crude oil has put forward new requirements for equipment. For example, ultra-deep well technology poses ultra-low temperature and ultra-high pressure challenges to equipment. The extraction of extra-heavy crude oil is a profitable option, especially when crude oil reaches $30 per barrel. High concentrations of asphaltenes and other impurities present difficulties in transporting and processing crude oil. Usually oil pipeline with soft sealing ball valve can not adapt to the requirements of the working conditions, which requires the valve manufacturers to develop metal sealing ball valve, and can adapt to changes in temperature and pressure, even in the transport of solid media (hydroxide, coke, etc.) to ensure absolute seal. The metal sealing technology benefits from the development of surface spraying technology. Valve manufacturers want to use this technology to maintain a leading position in the market, and the spray technology included in the development strategy, they and research institutes, universities, hope to develop the next generation of "super hard" coating.
(2) Anti-"Explosive Decompression" In 2002, the American Petroleum Institute Standard API 6D stipulates that valve products with design pressure higher than ASME Class 600 must be designed to prevent "explosive decompression". Explosive decompression refers to the phenomenon that when the pressure in the valve drops rapidly, the CO 2 permeating in the seal due to the high pressure effect expands rapidly due to the pressure drop, causing the seal to burst and break during the valve closing process, resulting in valve failure. An oil company in the deep-sea platform for the first time found the valve explosion decompression phenomenon, the valve failure after the company had to stop operations for a few weeks to replace the valve, the result of heavy losses. Since then, the oil company requires valve manufacturers to provide high-pressure valves must have an anti-explosion decompression configuration. Soon, valve manufacturers responded quickly and developed anti-explosive decompression seals and anti-explosive decompression valves to cope with harsh environmental requirements.
(3) Corrosion of sour crude oil High crude oil prices make refining companies focus on sour crude oil, investment in the development of sour crude oil market profits, in the long-term supply contract also has a price competitive advantage. However, sulfur-containing crude oil contains H 2 S and other corrosive media, which poses a new challenge to the corrosion resistance of the equipment. Valve manufacturers can provide materials licensed by ISO15156 regulations, but also provide test (according to ISO15156 regulations) data to prove the corrosion resistance and long life of valve materials, and end users will include these valve manufacturers in the list of corrosion-resistant valve suppliers.
(4) The runaway emission ISO15848 specifies the requirements for the runaway emission design of the valve. The manufacturer has redesigned the packing and sealing arrangement of ordinary valves and special valves to adapt to the updated standards. However, the new standard is too general and the requirements are too strict, so many oil companies have formulated their own emission standards. For example, many North American companies refer to API 622 standards. The further improvement of the valve runaway emission standards requires the cooperation of the valve manufacturers, users and standard makers, learn from each other's experience and solve the problem jointly.
(5) Early wear and equipment fatigue In pursuit of economic benefits, many oil refineries are overloaded. The result is an endless increase in production equipment and retrofit systems. The expectation of the enterprise to the equipment greatly exceeds the original intention of the design, which requires the valve manufacturer to take precautions and actively participate in the work of the user to avoid the adverse effects of unreasonable design on the reliability, life and safety of the valve in the production process. For example, the application of the valve in the thermodynamic cycle system is easy to cause thermal fatigue parts, with industrial process experience of the valve manufacturer will arrange the valve, reduce the possibility of problems.
(6) Preventive maintenance In order to ensure production, oil companies require equipment maintenance cycles. With the development of valve testing system, electronic hardware and software, the preventive maintenance of valves has become a reality from an intelligent concept. A small number of valve manufacturers who are proficient in automation control provide data analysis systems to quantify the valve operation process and provide valve preventive maintenance time.
(7) automatic implementation of the refining process automation is the trend, the middle of the control technology has been developed for quite a long time. Valve manufacturers install automatic actuators on the valve to achieve automatic control of production requirements. Automatic actuator technology has been greatly developed. On the other hand, the manufacturer of the actuator also provides the user with the valve product installed with the actuator. As a result, the trend of implementing agencies and valves integration of a single manufacturer to form a challenge, after all, users want to find a business to solve the problem more easily, to avoid the phenomenon of wrangling.
(8) pipeline ball valve natural gas transportation pipeline project for the valve is a very large and potential market. It is very important to monitor the long-distance pipeline. Some companies have developed smart devices that users can use to detect pipelines. Such as "smart pig" technology. The robot can detect pipe wall thickness and even corrosion points. However, the detection device has a diameter requirement for the pipeline, so the diameter ball valve has become a product of the long-distance pipeline company. On the other hand, the long-distance pipeline requires the valve wall thickness as thin as possible, and the valve material has high yield toughness and corrosion resistance to adapt to the requirements of pipeline expansion, steering, and regional environmental changes. The most important point is that the long-distance pipeline managers require the purchase of the valve life must be longer than the life of the pipeline itself.
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